When PvS was first established, I was just a mere Silver 1 player looking for a way to get better. I began to play PvS and I was taught what to do in certain situations, how to push your advantages, and most of all it taught me how to win my lane. Within 3 months I raised to Platinum 1 fairly easily. This is my guide on some of the common mistakes lower ranked players will often do.

Early Laning
Most people really need to know how to trade and cs efficiently in lane. If you are ranged v.s. a melee you should take advantage of it. If you see free damage on them, you take it while they are trying to cs. You often want to auto attack to shove the first minion line down so you can reach level 2 before your opponent and have a chance to capitalize on it. If you do end up shoving, remember to place your trinket at around roughly the 3 minute mark (the time most junglers will finish their 2nd buff and look to gank). And most of all, just know your champ and your opponent's champion limits.

Ganks
If you see your jungler pinging that he is coming in to gank, do not run at the enemy right away. You can tell from the enemy laner's movement if the enemy jungler is near. Most often you want the jungle to start the gank if they are shoved up so they don't have time to run away. There are some exceptions to this, however. There are times you see the enemy is being very aggressive and wants to jump in on you. You can bait them into committing but make sure u don't bait TOO hard and end up dying anyways. This gives your jungler an easy kill on an over-extended laner. Another thing is using your abilities correctly during a gank. All the time I see Lee Sin try to shoot a max range Q or a Xin immediately dash into an enemy even though they are overextended. It is better to be patient with your abilities in the early lane phase. Lee Sin can ward hop and apply slow with his e and auto attack making it easier to land his Q. If they have yet to flash when u land your Q, HANG ONTO IT. It will do you know good if u immediately q into an enemy then they can flash away after you use your 2nd resonating strike. Wait for them to flash to use your own gap closer!

Wards
It seems to me that not many people realize this, but it is EVERYONE'S job to ward the map. Wards do not just help you, they help your entire team. Having vision on the enemy gives enough information to the rest of your team to make the correct decisions. A ward could lead to a won skirmish in the jungle or a pick-off to win the game. A simple little ward can swing a game early on and you can snowball off of one mistake by the enemy not knowing you have vision on them. I main jungle and mid lane. The two spots I like to ward is the enemy wraith bush and a pink in the solo river brush on dragon side. Supports should always trade in trinket for a sweeper after they buy their sightstone and junglers should trade it in mid game as well. Denying vision is just as important as having vision!

Early Game Junglers
My normal path will almost always be starting at bottom side buff, small camp, then top side buff. From this point I look to gank mid or top lane. Pay attention to see if the laners ward. I look for the overextended lane or I look for a counter gank and meet where their jungler may go. Once you have jungled enough, you get this sense where you know roughly where the enemy jungler will come. A normal player will think, "Wow, my laner is pushed way too far." So they proceed to head back to their jungle to farm. A smart jungler will understand that there is a risk of your laner being ganks, and will anticipate the gank. "My laner is far too pushed up. I better stay in this area just in case the enemy jungler comes so I can counter-gank." Another thing is if you know which buff the enemy jungler started, you will know their path for lane phase. An example is if they start bottom buff, there is a chance they will be top or mid at roughly 3:00-3:20 time window. Bottom buff respawns at roughly 7:10-7:20 so they will be bot or mid. Top buff spawns at roughly 8:10-8:20 so they will be mid or top, and so on. This is where you need to decide where you will gank or if you are going to counter gank. Do you gank their over-extended lane or do you hang around your shoved laner's lane. Jungling will sometimes involve gambling. You wont always be correct 100% of the time, but just make sure you don't let their successful ganks/objectives go unanswered. if they get the kill up top while you get kills down bottom, shove that turret down and/or go for a dragon. And finally know when to back off or when to shove a wave for you laner. If you have completed a successful gank and your laner is very low and needs to recall, help them shove into the turret. If your laner is very low and is at risk of being killed in lane you can go cover their lane and try your best to cs under turret. This is a free way to sap exp and cs while being useful.

Decision Making
Far too often do I see people recall to buy instead of shoving waves. The only exception to this is if you know their jungler may come to kill you. Otherwise, you need to shove every time before you recall. If you guys win a teamfight, you push objectives.
In order of importance: Inhibitor>Baron>Turret>Dragon>Buffs
Of course there are exceptions to this like for example, you win a fight at baron, TAKE BARON. You win a fight at their mid inner turret, TAKE THE INHIBITOR. People come across this choice everyday, and everyone has their arguments on which one to take and why.

This last mistake lower ranked players often make may blow your mind... But probably not.



Attitude
YOUR ATTITUDE! No one needs to hear your sarcastic/Passive-Aggressive comments that do not contribute to anything. Stay focused and do not ever get frustrated in your games. If someone is starting to trashtalk, it is better to just mute them instead of cursing at each other and butting heads all game. Even little comments like "gg" after first blood, or "that gank" can cause your team to go on tilt. Some people play differently when they are frustrated or upset. Most games, people are too busy typing at each other to even focus on the game and cause mistrust and hatred towards your own teammates. By you doing these things, it will make the game 3x harder than it originally needed to be. So please, be respectful of your team. Everyone is human and everyone will make mistakes. Complimenting someone on their play will help them focus and they will subconsciously try to prove themselves to what they think is expected of them. Don't ever bash your team for no reason. It helps no one, except for the enemy team.

I hope this was somewhat helpful to you guys. I always find myself preaching some of this to newer players. I tried to give you a more advanced guide on what I have done to win ranked games. Good Luck  grinding the ladder!